同学好~~
1. which 从句是定语从句,修饰 These levels,其中 which 指代 These levels;
2. 这句话的主句是 These levels come from outside activities, teaching activities, and other noise generated inside 主句结束直接跟了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句,所以并没有所谓“指代太远”的问题喔。
这句话具体的句子结构可以参照这里~
http://www.langlib.com/Reading/SentenceAnalysis/ReadingSentence/MDAwLTYtOTQ=